The sparkly lighting continued for 18 months until July 2001. On 30 March 1885, Eiffel presented his plans to the Société des Ingénieurs Civils; after discussing the technical problems and emphasising the practical uses of the tower, he finished his talk by saying the tower would symbolise: .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, [n]ot only the art of the modern engineer, but also the century of Industrand Science in which we are living, and for which the way was prepared by the great scientific movement of the eighteenth century and by the Revolution of 1789, to which this monument will be built as an expression of France's gratitude.[6]. [3] The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. [3] In 2015, there were 6.91 million visitors. It was rebuilt on the edge of New Orleans' Garden District as a restaurant and later event hall. Société d’Exploitation de la Tour Eiffel (SETE) 1 Quai de Grenelle, 75015 Paris. La SETE et ses 340 salariés accueillent les 6 millions de visiteurs annuels de la tour Eiffel. [12] Because the lifts were not yet in operation, the ascent was made by foot, and took over an hour, with Eiffel stopping frequently to explain various features. Hotéis perto de Theatre de la Tour Eiffel: Stylish flat with views on the Eiffel tower (0.06 km) Hotel de Londres Eiffel (0.08 km) Le Derby Alma (0.19 km) Hotel de la Paix Tour Eiffel (0.25 km) Hotel de la Tour Eiffel (0.18 km) Veja todos os hotéis perto de Theatre de la Tour Eiffel no Tripadvisor Locally nicknamed "La dame de fer" (English for "Iron Lady"), it was constructed from 1887 to 1889 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticised by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world. Locate. [12] Guy de Maupassant supposedly ate lunch in the tower's restaurant every day because it was the one place in Paris where the tower was not visible.[13]. The motive power was moved from the water hydraulic system to a new electrically driven oil-filled hydraulic system, and the original water hydraulics were retained solely as a counterbalance system. [63], He used graphical methods to determine the strength of the tower and empirical evidence to account for the effects of wind, rather than a mathematical formula. Its board of directors is chaired by Jean-François Martins, Councillor of the City of Paris. Until the 1950s, sets of aerial wires ran from the cupola to anchors on the Avenue de Suffren and Champ de Mars. [67], In May 2016, an apartment was created on the first level to accommodate four competition winners during the UEFA Euro 2016 football tournament in Paris in June. The top half was even assumed to have no gaps in the latticework. Dusk transforms the Eiffel Tower! In an interview with the newspaper Le Temps published on 14 February 1887, Eiffel said: Is it not true that the very conditions which give strength also conform to the hidden rules of harmony? 6 808 963 estiveram aqui. Sauvestre added decorative arches to the base of the tower, a glass pavilion to the first level, and other embellishments. Bienvenue sur le site officiel de la SETE La Société d’Exploitation de la Tour Eiffel entretient, exploite et anime la tour Eiffel, dans le cadre d’un contrat de délégation de service public avec la Mairie de Paris. [citation needed], Maintenance of the tower includes applying 60 tons of paint every seven years to prevent it from rusting. At the top, there were laboratories for various experiments, and a small apartment reserved for Gustave Eiffel to entertain guests, which is now open to the public, complete with period decorations and lifelike mannequins of Eiffel and some of his notable guests. During the last three minutes of the year, the lights were turned on starting from the base of the tower and continuing to the top to welcome 2000 with a huge fireworks show. He later established a separate company to manage the tower, putting up half the necessary capital himself.[7]. Conforme a apuração, a cadeira em que ela estava apresentou defeito. "[9] These criticisms were also dealt with by Édouard Lockroy in a letter of support written to Alphand, sardonically saying,[10] "Judging by the stately swell of the rhythms, the beauty of the metaphors, the elegance of its delicate and precise style, one can tell this protest is the result of collaboration of the most famous writers and poets of our time", and he explained that the protest was irrelevant since the project had been decided upon months before, and construction on the tower was already under way. A torre, que é o edifício mais alto da cidade, é o monumento pago mais visitado do mundo, com milhões de pessoas frequentando-o … [35] In April 1935, the tower was used to make experimental low-resolution television transmissions, using a shortwave transmitter of 200 watts power. The top level's upper platform is 276 m (906 ft) above the ground – the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union. [68], The arrangement of the lifts has been changed several times during the tower's history. [26] La SETE a pour objectif entretenir et exploiter la Tour Eiffel. [58], The puddled iron (wrought iron) of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tons,[59] and the addition of lifts, shops and antennae have brought the total weight to approximately 10,100 tons. [80] It owes its name to the famous science-fiction writer Jules Verne. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. The rope mechanism of the north tower can be seen as visitors exit the lift. It opened in 1894 and is 158.1 m (518 ft) tall. The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler Building in New York City was topped out. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. In 1982, the original lifts between the second and third levels were replaced after 97 years in service. Although some visitors could be expected to climb to the first level, or even the second, lifts clearly had to be the main means of ascent. The apartment has a kitchen, two bedrooms, a lounge, and views of Paris landmarks including the Seine, the Sacre Coeur, and the Arc de Triomphe. Five fixed sheaves were mounted higher up the leg, producing an arrangement similar to a block and tackle but acting in reverse, multiplying the stroke of the piston rather than the force generated. Lead paint was still being used as recently as 2001 when the practice was stopped out of concern for the environment.[54][74]. A budget for the exposition was passed and, on 1 May, Lockroy announced an alteration to the terms of the open competition being held for a centrepiece to the exposition, which effectively made the selection of Eiffel's design a foregone conclusion, as entries had to include a study for a 300 m (980 ft) four-sided metal tower on the Champ de Mars. The foundations were completed on 30 June, and the erection of the ironwork began. Two 1:3 scale models can be found in China, one in Durango, Mexico that was donated by the local French community, and several across Europe.[85]. In order to encourage families, they are offering a 50% disc... Only 16 more days until the Eiffel Tower reopens! by accessing this website you unreservedly accept the statutory provisions in force and the terms set out below. The new version gained Eiffel's support: he bought the rights to the patent on the design which Koechlin, Nougier, and Sauvestre had taken out, and the design was exhibited at the Exhibition of Decorative Arts in the autumn of 1884 under the company name. [88] In June 1990 a French court ruled that a special lighting display on the tower in 1989 to mark the tower's 100th anniversary was an "original visual creation" protected by copyright. On 19 October 1901, Alberto Santos-Dumont, flying his No.6 airship, won a 100,000-franc prize offered by Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe for the first person to make a flight from St. [54], The tower received its 200,000,000th guest on 28 November 2002. The sparkling lights were turned on again on 21 June 2003, and the display was planned to last for 10 years before they needed replacing. Contate seus executivos por e-mail agora, incluindo Patrick Branco Ruivo [24], The main structural work was completed at the end of March 1889 and, on 31 March, Eiffel celebrated by leading a group of government officials, accompanied by representatives of the press, to the top of the tower. Eiffel chose this "invocation of science" because of his concern over the artists' protest. Toutes les informations pratiques pour venir à la Tour Eiffel, acheter un billet (tarifs : 16 à 25 € maximum pour les adultes et 4 à 12,5 € pour les enfants et les jeunes), découvrir le monument ou l'actualité de la tour Eiffel Although construction involved 300 on-site employees,[15] only one person died, due to Eiffel's safety precautions and the use of movable gangways, guardrails and screens. [32] Just two years later, on 4 February 1912, Austrian tailor Franz Reichelt died after jumping from the first level of the tower (a height of 57 m) to demonstrate his parachute design. The original hydraulic mechanism is on public display in a small museum at the base of the east and west legs. [citation needed] The Fives-Lille lifts in the east and west legs, fitted in 1899, were extensively refurbished in 1986. The tower was closed to the public during the occupation and the lifts were not repaired until 1946. [46] In 1964, the Eiffel Tower was officially declared to be a historical monument by the Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second levels. The hydraulic pressure in the driving cylinder was produced by a large open reservoir on the second level. Will it not also be grandiose in its way? From 1937 until 1981, there was a restaurant near the top of the tower. [25], There was still work to be done, particularly on the lifts and facilities, and the tower was not opened to the public until nine days after the opening of the exposition on 6 May; even then, the lifts had not been completed. Graffitists were also catered for: sheets of paper were mounted on the walls each day for visitors to record their impressions of the tower. [77] An average of 25,000 people ascend the tower every day which can result in long queues.[78]. Most of the party chose to stop at the lower levels, but a few, including the structural engineer, Émile Nouguier, the head of construction, Jean Compagnon, the President of the City Council, and reporters from Le Figaro and Le Monde Illustré, completed the ascent. After some debate about the exact location of the tower, a contract was signed on 8 January 1887. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift. Email : communication@toureiffel.paris. The tower was an instant success with the public, and nearly 30,000 visitors made the 1,710-step climb to the top before the lifts entered service on 26 May. These were connected to longwave transmitters in small bunkers. By 1918, it had become a symbol of Paris and of France after Guillaume Apollinaire wrote a nationalist poem in the shape of the tower (a calligram) to express his feelings about the war against Germany. At the top, there was a post office where visitors could send letters and postcards as a memento of their visit. [14] Today, it is widely considered to be a remarkable piece of structural art, and is often featured in films and literature. It was wind resistance. La tour Eiffel 5 avenue Anatole France - Champ de Mars - 75007 Paris. [60] As a demonstration of the economy of design, if the 7,300 tons of metal in the structure were melted down, it would fill the square base, 125 metres (410 ft) on each side, to a depth of only 6.25 cm (2.46 in) assuming the density of the metal to be 7.8 tons per cubic metre. A promenade 2.6-metre (8 ft 6 in) wide ran around the outside of the first level. It was to be dismantled in 1909, when its ownership would revert to the City of Paris. [18] The finished components, some already riveted together into sub-assemblies, arrived on horse-drawn carts from a factory in the nearby Parisian suburb of Levallois-Perret and were first bolted together, with the bolts being replaced with rivets as construction progressed. [72], A pop-culture movie cliché is that the view from a Parisian window always includes the tower.
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