29 févr. Most of the prisoners were subject to such conditions. Retour à la vue d'ensemble. During the Nazi Regime, Hersbruck was a subsidiary camp of Flossenbürg concentration camp. I have made many enquiries but without results. (Courtesy of KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg, http://www.gedenkstaette-flossenbuerg.de/), Between Amberger Str. Le but des sous-champs de Dachau. 6, University Press Amsterdam, 1971, pp. The prisoners were forced to perform heavy labour with no consideration whatsoever for the poor state of their health, which just got worse. Weinmann, Martin (editor): Das nationalsozialistische Lagersystem, Zweitausendiens, Frankfurt am Main, 4th edition, 2004. The European Sites of Remembrance website about Hersbruck Concentration Camp: An article about Hersbruck (in German) on the 'Forced Labor 1939–1945" website of Freie Universität Berlin and the EVZ Foundation. Most of the deceased victims in Hersbruck were cremated in Nuremberg. Hersbruck, dix kilomètres à l’est de Nuremberg, était après Leitmeritz (Litomerice) le deuxième plus grand camp extérieur du camp de concentration de Flossenbürg. SS detachment leader Ludwig Schwarz was put on trial in Nuremberg in 1951 and was sentenced to death, but most of the other camp functionaries were given light sentences. The National Archives (TNA), Foreign Office (FO) Jean Rossi and his son Marcel Rossi were the only Channel Islanders imprisoned in Hersbruck Concentration Camp K (Z-Außenlager Hersbruck, Lager Hersbruck). In 1945 a monument was erected on the remains of the crematorium. The Wiener Library, London: file on Marcel Rossi, , document reference 89592047. The camp commandant, SS-Hauptsturmführer Heinrich Forster, went into hiding after the war under the alias Hans Reich and died in 1955 in Hanau as a result of a cycling accident. Some 4,000 deaths. The prisoners were forced to erect a barracks compound on the edge of Hersbruck, where they were then quartered from July 26, 1944. 29 août 2020 - Dachau - Auschwitz - Buchenwald - Birkenau - Ravensbruck - Majdanek - Bergen-Belsen . Hersbruck required a constant stream of new prisoners as up to 30 prisoners died each day as a result of poor living conditions, hunger, executions and beatings by the SS guards and Kapos. The prisoners had to work in the "Doggerstollen" in Happurg. Many of those classified as unfit for work died after being transported back to Flossenbürg. My parents did not work anywhere outside the camp. A total of around 9,000 prisoners from more than 20 countries. The former SS Headquarters of Hersbruck were used as the city’s finance office after the war and razed in 2007, despite being the last remaining relic of Hersbruck Concentration Camp, where at least 4,000 people — primarily Hungarian Jews — perished under brutal conditions. In addition, there was a building called a “mercy block”, where prisoners who were near death were executed or left to die. +49 9603-90390-0document.getElementById("5fdd56ff5be0f").innerHTML = "
vasbezngvba@trqraxfgnrggr-sybffraohret.qr".replace(/[a-zA-Z]/g, function(c) {return String.fromCharCode((c<="Z"?90:122)>=(c=c.charCodeAt(0)+13)?c:c-26);}); Copyright © 2020 KZ-Gedenkstätte Flossenbürg. A memorial stone outside the revenue office in Hersbruck and a memorial plaque at the bricked-in tunnel entrances in Happurg are complemented by information panels. The actual evacuation took place on the 8th and 9th of February 1945. Marcel Rossi, suffering from pneumonia, was placed on a forced foot march in the direction of Dachau — not Flossenbürg, as his father had presumed — on 7 April 1945 with around 600 other prisoners. View of the subcamp Hersbruck after the liberation, 1945. In 2009, the city erected two information plaques at the camp’s former site. Russie: un faux camp de concentration fait polémique en Carélie. La décision de mettre en place le camp de Flossenbürg, datant de Mars 1938, Il est dans le cadre de la restructuration du système de camps de concentration dans lequel, en plus de l'emprisonnement et l'intimidation des opposants politiques, y compris l'exploitation du travail libre des prisonniers jusqu'à ce que « l'extermination par le travail » (Vernichtung durch Arbeit). Search All 7 Records in Our Collections. Hersbruck was a sub-camp of Flossenbürg Concentration and was created in May 1944 to force prisoners to construct a series of tunnels in the nearby mountains for the creation of an underground aeroplane engine plant for the Bayerischen Motoren Werke (BMW), the same BMW known today for … He was the only Channel Islander of four to survive Gross-Rosen and Hersbruck concentration camps. The chances of a prisoner surviving Hersbruck was about 50%; every second prisoner in this concentration camp died there or on the ensuing death march. Lenz, Hans-Friedrich: Sagen Sie Herr Pfarrer, wie kommen Sie zur SS? Former Concentration Camp Hersbruck The Concentration Camp Hersbruck was situated here from Mai 1944 until April 1945. According to official court transcripts from a trial of Hersbruck officials in 1950: Prisoner kapos, SS guards, and civilians from the construction firms beat the prisoners with their bare hands, clubs, dog whips and rubber hoses, and kicked them with their feet. Locations: Hersbruck module: Badstr. The 65th Infantry Division at German concentration camps in World War II : Ohrdruf, Hersbruck and Mauthausen : end of the war, meet the Russians & repatriation of camp inmates, German POWs & displaced persons, summer of 1945 ( Book ) 1 , Part A. At the end of February 1945 there were 5,863 prisoners in the Hersbruck subcamp. Another SS guard received a sentence of 2 years’ prison for shooting a prisoner who had attempted to steal some potatoes. Aerial view of the camp grounds in Hersbruck, 2019 (Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial / Photo: Rainer Viertlböck). ; Créé en: 1938; Libération: 23 avril 1945, par une unité de la 2nd U.S. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum , Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 2009, pp. Hersbruck was thus one of the largest satellite camps of the Flossenbürg concentration camp; it also noted an especially high death rate. Landsberg am Lech developed where a major historic salt road crossed over the Lech. Includes maps of the former camp location overlaid on current street maps and a map showing the forced march from Hersbruck towards Dachau Concentration Camp. Jean and Marcel Rossi arrived in Hersbruck on 15 February 1945 from Gross-Rosen Concentration Camp. He was also accused of having shot three prisoners on the forced march towards Dachau in April 1945. The large white building was a sports hall that served as the first prisoner barracks. From around 1,900 prisoners in August 1944, the number of prisoners rose dramatically with nearly 6,000 inmates by the end of March 1945. One of the former guards in Hersbruck, a Luftwaffe sergeant who later became an SS-Hauptscharführer in the Waffen-SS, was alleged to have crushed the skull of a French prisoner with a pistol “until his blood was splattered all over the walls and he collapsed”, which led to the prisoner’s death. Localisation: Près de Bayreuth. Jean Rossi was placed on a forced march from Hersbruck that left between 5-13 April 1945, and was liberated by American troops later that month in Schwandorf, a town about 36 miles southeast of Hersbruck. Contact; Qui sommes-nous; Association des Amis; Le 20 avril 1945, alors que les troupes alliées approchent, le camp est évacué en quatre colonnes qui comprennent au total 14 800 détenus, dont l'une atteint Dachau. Of his son Marcel, he wrote: My son Marcel Fortune Rossi, born in Sutton Bridge, Lincolnshire, December 14th 1921. The camp was evacuated in April 1945 and the prisoners were deported in the direction of Dachau, partly by train and partly on foot. The main camp consisted of 15 overcrowded prisoner barracks, three barracks for the infirmary, a camp office, a kitchen, the toilets, mortuary, and an open square for roll call. A gallows for the execution of prisoners was erected on the roll-call square of the camp on 31 August 1944. In February 1945 he fell ill with pneumonia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Alphabetical list of Flossenbürg inmates, microfilm RG-30.005M, via ancestry.com (Jean Rossi listed as “John Rossi” at this source). The documentation site Hersbruck/Happurg is opening to the public on Monday, 25th January. Many of the prisoners did not survive the 90-mile march. Approximately 4,000 prisoners died at Hersbruck and a mound shaped memorial stands where the former crematorium existed. Megargee, Geoffrey P. (editor): Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945, Vol. Articles de la catégorie « Camp de concentration nazi » (116) Liste des camps de concentration nazis; Palette Camps nazis par type et par pays His father spent years trying without success to learn of his son’s fate. (Konzentrationslager Hersbruck) found: Verzeichnis der Haftstätten unter dem Reichsführer-SS (1933-1945), 1979: p. 107 (Hersbruck; in Bavaria) 400 men, mainly air force soldiers. Mémorial du camp de concentration de Flossenbürg Gedächtnisallee 5 D-92696 Flossenbürg +49 9603-90390-0. En définitive, c'est la disposition en cuvette de la vallée qui empêcha une large expansion du camp de concentration. TNA FO HNP/3237 (Rossi, Jean) This camp was located in Hersbruck, Germany. Hersbruck (Concentration camp) Hersbruck concentration camp Label from public data source Wikidata; Sources. +Gestapo ; Estimation du nombre de victimes: 73,000; Camps annexes: 93 camps annexes et kommandos extérieurs (cliquez ici pour la liste des camps annexes). Like most survivors, Jean Rossi probably suffered from a variety of chronic physical disabilities and post-traumatic stress disorders for the rest of his life. The website of the Hersbruck memorial (in German). In Schupf and Hubmersberg monuments were also erected at locations where corpses of prisoners were cremated. Klee, Ernst: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich, Wer war was vor und nach 1945 (The Lexikon of People in the Third Reich, Who was what before and after 1945), S. Fischer Verlagn, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 159 (in German). Flossenbürg was a Nazi concentration camp built in May 1938 by the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office.Unlike other concentration camps, it was located in a remote area, in the Fichtel Mountains of Bavaria, adjacent to the town of Flossenbürg and near the German border with Czechoslovakia.The camp's initial purpose was to exploit the forced labor of prisoners for the … In May and June 1944, the prisoners were initially quartered in the hall of an inn and in a barn in Happurg. Excavating a tunnel system in a mountain near Happurg for the planned BMW underground aircraft engine factory; railway construction; transportation of building materials; however, with the tunnel system only partially completed, production operations were not commenced with. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 14 février 2020 à 19:51. Sanders, Paul: The Ultimate Sacrifice, Jersey Heritage Trust, Jersey, 2004. Les détenus durent détacher du … It is presumed that Marcel Rossi died somewhere along this route and was buried in an improvised grave, as were so many other prisoners. Further information: Project documentation Press Release by the Bavarian State Parliament Announcement by the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial. The Hersbruck camp barracks were razed in 1951 to make way for a new suburb and tennis courts.
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